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Chapter Two MATERIALS Allied Corporation developed a high strength/modulus extended chain polyethylene fiber called Spectrafi that was introduced in 1985. Room temperature specific mechanical properties of fifi Spectra are slightly better than Kevla,r although performance at elevated temperatures falls off. Chemical and wear resistance data is superior to the aramids. Data for bothfiKaenvdlar Spectrafi fibers is also contained in Table 2-4. The percent of manufacturers using various reinforcement materials is represented in Figure 2-1. Table 2-4 Mechanical Properties of Reinforcement Fibers Density Tensile Strength Tensile Ultimate Cost Fiber lb/in 3 psi x 10 3 Modulus6 Elongation $/lb psi x 10 E-Glass .094 500 10.5 4.8% .80-1.20 S-Glass .090 665 12.6 5.7% 4 Aramid-Kevlar 49 .052 525 18.0 2.9% 16 Spectra 900 .035 375 17.0 3.5% 22 Polyester-COMPET .049 150 1.4 22.0% 1.75 Carbon-PAN .062-.065 350-700 33-57 0.38-2.0% 17-450 Polyester and nylon thermoplastic fibers have recently been introduced to the marine industry as primary reinforcements and in a hybrid arrangement with fiberglass. Allied Corporation has fi developed a fiber called COMPE,Twhich is the product of applying a finish to PET fibers that enhances matrix adhesion properties. Hoechst-Celanese manufactures a product called Treveriafi , which is a heat treated polyester fiber fabric designed as a bulking material and as a gel coat barrier to reduce print-through. Although polyester fibers have fairly high strengths, their stiffness is considerably below that of glass. Other attractive features include low density, reasonable cost, good impact and fatigue resistance, and potential for vibration damping and blister resistance. Figure 2-1 Marine Industry Reinforcement Material Use [EGA Survey] 65PDF Image | Marine Componsites
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