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11 8 CLASSIFICATION OF POLYETHYLENE RESINS There are a number of classes of polyethylene resins that are used in the manufacture of pipe. Some of them are not appropriate for submarine outfalls because this use requires resins of particularly high quality with specific properties to assure that the pipe resists the physical forces during construction, the internal and external pressures to which it is exposed, the hydrodynamic forces of the ocean, as well as chemical and biological attack. For these reasons it is important that the pipe be manufactured of high density polyethylene resin with sufficiently high molecular weight. It is imperative that medium density polyethylene not be used for ocean outfalls. The American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM) has prepared a standard ASTM D3350 that describes a system of classification of polyethylene resins, known as cell classification. This system classifies the resins according to the results of standardized testing for the most important specific properties. Table 5 CELL CLASSIFICATION ACCORDING TO ASTM D3350-84 Propiedad Densidad, (g/cm3) Índice de fusión Condición E (gms/10 min) Esfuerzo a la tracción Mpa (psi) Base de diseño hidrostático Mpa (psi), (230C) Método de prueba D1505 D1238 D638 D2837 1 > 1,0 < 15 (<2.200) 5,52 (800) 2 0,926-0,940 1,0 - 0,4 15 - <18 (2.200 - 2.599) 6,89 (1.000) 3 0,941-0,955 0,4 - 0,15 18 - <21 (2.600 - 2.999) 8,62 (1.250) 4 >0,955 < 0,15 21 - <24 (3.500 - 3.499) 11,03 (1.600) 5 6 0,910- 0,925 Módulo de flexión Mpa, (psi) D790 < 138 (<19.999) 139-275 (20.000 - 3 9.999) 276 - 551 (40.000 - 79.999) 552 - 757 (80.000 – 109.999) 758-1103 (110.000 - 160.000) > 1.103 (>160.000) 24 - 28 >28 (3.00 - 3.999) (>4.000) Resistencia al agriet- amiento por esfuerzo ambiental Condición Duración (hr) Falla, max, % D1693 A 48 50 B 24 50 C 192 20 Estabilizador UV y color A Natural B Colorado Negro con 2% min. Negro de carbón Natural con Colorado estabilizador con UV estabilizador UV CDEPDF Image | SMALL DIAMETER (HDPE) SUBMARINE OUTFALLS
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