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Naval Applications of Composites Marine Composites Naval Applications and Research & Development According to a study prepared for the U.S. Navy in 1988, the military has been employing composite materials effectively for many years and has an increasing number of projects and investigations under way to further explore the use of composites. [1-1] In 1946, the Navy let two contracts for development of 28 fooptersonnel boats of laminated plasticW. inner Manufacturing Company used a bag molding method whMilaerco Chemical employed an injection method. The Navy used the second method for some time with limited success until about 1950 when production contracts using hand lay-up were awarded. Between 1955 and 1962, 32 Navy craft from 33 to 50 feet in length were manufactured by the core mold process, which proved not to be cost effective and was structurally unsatisfactory. [1-25] During the 1960s, the Navy conducted a series of studies to consider the feasibility of using an FRP hull for minesweepe.rsIn 1969,Peterson Builders, Inc. of Sturgeon Bay, WI completed a 34 foot midship test section. A complete design methodology and process description was developed for this exercise. Although the scale of the effort was formidable, questions regarding economics and material performance in production units went unanswered. [1-26] Submarines During the Cold War period, the Navy had an aggressive submarine research and development program that included the investigation of composites for interior and exterior applications. Both these environments were very demanding with unique sets of performance criteria that often pushed the envelope of composites design and manufacturing. The rigors of submarine composites design made partnership with this country’s finest aerospace companies a likely match. For surface ship applications, the aerospace approach is generally perceived to not be cost effective. Submarine Applications Various submarine structures are made of composite materials, including the periscopeofnairings nuclear submarines and thbeow domes on combatant submarines. Additionally, the use of filament-woundair flasks for the ballast tanks of the Trident class submarines has been investigated. Unmanned,eep submersibles rely heavily on the use of composites for structural members and for buoyancy. Syntactic foam is used for buoyancy and thick-walled composites are used for pressure housings. One unmanned deep sea submersible, which has a depth rating of 20,000 feet, is constructed with graphite composite by the prepreg fabrication technique. [1-1] Periscope fairings have been built of FRP since the early 1960Lsunbny Industries. These autoclave-cured parts are precision machined to meet the tight tolerances required of the periscope bearing system. The fairings are all glass, with a recent switch from polyester to epoxy resins. The two-piece fairing is bolted around a metal I-beam to form the structural mast. An RTM manufactureAr,RDCO of Chester, PA is currently investigating the feasibility of building the entire structure as a monolithRicTM part, thereby eliminating the metal I- beam and bolted sections. Carbon fiber unidirectionals will be added to the laminate to match the longitudinal stiffness of the incumbent structure. 26PDF Image | Marine Componsites
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