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Chapter One APPLICATIONS Commercial Ship Construction In 1971, the Ship Structure Committee published a detailed report entitled Feasibility Study of Glass Reinforced Plastic Cargo Ship prepared by Robert Scott and John Sommella of Gibbs & Cox [1-11]. A 470 foot, dry/bulk cargo vessel was chosen for evaluation whereby engineering and economic factors were considered. It would be instructive to present some of the conclusions of that study at this time. • The general conclusion was that the design and fabrication of a large GRP cargo ship was shown to be totally within the present state-of-the-art, but the long-term durability of the structure was questionable; • The most favorable laminate studied was a woven-roving/unidirectional composite, which proved 43% lighter than steel but had 20% of the stiffness; • GRP structures for large ships currently can’t meet present U.S. Coast Guard fire regulations and significant economic incentive would be necessary to pursue variants.; • Cost analyses indicate unfavorable required freight rates for GRP versus steel construction in all but a few of the sensitivity studies.; • Major structural elements such as deckhouses, hatch covers, king posts and bow modules appear to be very well suited for GRP construction.; and • Commercial vessels of the 150-250 foot size appear to be more promising than the vessels studied and deserve further investigation. Applications for Advanced Composites on Large Ships There are numerous non load-bearing applications of FRP materials in commercial ships where either corrosion resistance, weight or complex geometry justified the departure from conventional materials. As an example, in the early 1980s, Farrell Lines used FRP false stacks in their C10 vessels that weighed over 30 tons. Also, piping for ballast and other applications is commonly made from FRP tubing. Italian shipbuilder Fincantieri has used composites for cruise liner stacks, such as the 10 x 16 x 40-foot funnels for Costa Crociere Line that represented a 50% weight and 20% cost savings over aluminum and stainless steel structures they replaced. Fincantieri is also investigating FRP deckhouses in collaboration with classification societies. [1-12] Advanced composite materials on large ships have the potential to reduce fabrication and maintenance costs, enhance styling, reduce outfit weight and increase reliability. George Wilhelmi, of the Navy’s NSWC, Carderock Research Center in Annapolis summarized potential ship applications for composite materials as follows: 15PDF Image | Marine Componsites
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