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Nets Polymer nets are commonly used in the packaging industry to package fruit. The polymer may be extruded through slots cut in a circular die. By rotating the outside of the die, relative to the center, a circular net may be produced in a wide range of patterns. If the slots are large then heavy gauge nets may be produced which are suitable for landscaping and soil stabilization applications. Product Identification In order to ease recycling, the above products or components are frequently marked with a symbol or abbreviated term identifying their component poly- mers. Legends suitable for the generic identification and marking of plastics products have been suggested by standards organizations such as the International Standards Organization (see ISO 1043). In the simplest case, a series of letters associated with a plastic material (See Table 1. on page 17) are stamped onto a product between inverted (reversed angle) brackets (for example, >ABS<). ISO also suggests how to identify fillers, flame retardants, plasticiz- ers etc. For example, the presence of a flame retardant may be indicated by a molded or printed legend which contains FR as in >PA 66-GF30-FR(52)<. This legend shows that the product is made from a nylon 66 material that contains 30% glass fiber. The FR(52) indicates that the nylon contains also a red phos- phorous (code number 52) type flame retardant. Other flame retardants have their own numbers. ➤ SAFETY This section is written to help an operator, who runs an extruder or an extru- sion line, to work in a safe way. It cannot cover all the possible hazards, as it is only a general guide. Safety is the responsibility of everyone. It is very important that everyone who is concerned with an extrusion process fully appreciates the possible hazards. This means that safety education and train- ing are very important. A New Machine Before a new extruder is put into service a responsible person must check that the machine is acceptable from a safety point of view and that it conforms to local and national safety codes and practices. This means listening to the advice of the machine supplier, local government officers, etc. A local plastics association, or federation, will offer useful advice in regard to whom should be contacted and what codes of practice should be followed. Any legislation in force should be considered, as the minimum required. It is very important to ensure that all those concerned with extrusion processing develop a common sense, responsible attitude, and are trained to increase their safety awareness. Materials Handling It must be emphasized that most thermoplastic materials do not present prob- lems during normal handling as they are usually supplied as granules or pel- lets. However, to prevent material contamination, the thermoplastic material should not be touched or handled, with the bare hand. Remember, it makes sense not to allow any material to come into contact with the skin or eyes, particularly if the material is dusty (for example, the material may have been dusted with a lubricant or coloring system). If during normal operation, the atmosphere becomes dusty then the operating procedure should be reviewed 11 section 1: introduction to extrusionPDF Image | Dynisco Extrusion Processors Handbook
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