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Epoxy Thermoset Trade Names Manufacturer Typical Properties of Epoxy American Engineering SI Processing Temperature 125°F to 250°F 52°C to 121°C Linear Mold Shrinkage 0.001 to 0.015 in./in. 0.001 to 0.015 cm/cm Melting Point – – Density 43.7 to 139.2 lb./ft.3 0.70 to 2.23 g/cm3 Tensile Strength, Yield 5.8 to 10.5 lb./in.2 x 103 4.1 to 7.4 kg/cm2 x 102 Tensile Strength, Break 1.1 to 12.5 lb./in.2 x 103 0.8 to 8.8 kg/cm2 x 102 Elongation, Break 1.1 to 8.5% 1.1 to 8.5% Tensile Modulus 2.0 to 8.0 lb./in.2 x 105 1.4 to 5.6 kg/cm2 x 104 Flexural Strength, Yield 4.0 to 25.0 lb./in.2 x 103 2.8 to 17.6 kg/cm2 x 102 Flexural Modulus 1.4 to 8.0 lb./in.2 x 105 1.0 to 5.6 kg/cm2 x 104 Compressive Strength 6.8 to 37.0 lb./in.2 x 103 4.8 to 26.0 kg/cm2 x 102 Izod Notched, R.T. 0.3 to No Break ft-lb./in. 1.6 to No Break kg cm/cm Hardness D60 - D96 Rockwell D60 - D96 Rockwell Thermal Conductivity 0.1 to 4.6 BTU-in./hr.-ft.2-°F 0.014 to 0.663 W/m-°K Linear Thermal Expansion 1.2 to 11.1 in./in.-°F x 10-5 2.2 to 20.0 cm/cm-°C x10-5 Deflection Temperature @ 264 psi 248°F to 540°F 100°C to 282°C Deflection Temperature @ 66 psi – – Continuous Service Temperature 200°F to 400°F 93°C to 204°C Dielectric Strength 300 to 525 V/10-3 in. 1.2 to 2.1 V/mm x 104 Dielectric Constant @ 1 MHz 2.7 to 4.7 2.7 to 4.7 Dissipation Factor @ 1 MHz 0.001 to 0.100 0.001 to 0.100 Water Absorption, 24 hr. 0.10 to 0.70% 0.10 to 0.70% • Araldite • Conapoxy • Eccogel • Eccoseal • Epolite • EPON • Epoxylite • Lytex • Maraglas • Paraplast • Loctite® Fixmaster® Poxy PakTM • Quatrex • Ren • Scotchply • Stycast • Tactix General Description Ciba-Geigy Corp. Conap, Inc. Emerson & Cuming Emerson & Cuming Hexcel Corp. Shell Chemical Co. Epoxylite Corp. Premix, Inc. Acme Hexcel Corp. Henkel Corporation Dow Chemical Ciba-Geigy Corp. 3M Industrial Chemicals Emerson & Cuming Dow Chemical Epoxies are polymers that have epoxide groups, or oxirane rings, in their molecular structure. They are usually nonmelting thermosetting materials, but linear, high molecular weight thermoplastic epoxies are also available. Thermoset epoxies are usually supplied as one- part frozen premixes or two-part systems. Room temperature curing formulations are available, but heat curing epoxies typically have shorter cure cycles and superior physical properties. Epoxies may utilize many different curing agents including aromatic amines, anhydrides, carboxylic acids, phenol novolacs, and amino resins. The large number of variations possible in the chemical structure and cure mechanism of epoxies, coupled with their ability to be compounded with a wide variety of additives and fillers, has lead to epoxies’ use in a vast variety of applications. Epoxies find use as adhesives, coatings, and binding resins in composite structures. Specialty grades available include, but are not limited to, electrically conductive, thermally conductive, fiber reinforced, wear resistant, and machinable grades. In 2004, the price of epoxies ranged approximately from $1.00 to $25.00 per pound at truckload quantities. General Properties Due to the vast array of fillers and different types of epoxy resins, the properties of epoxies vary substantially. Epoxies are generally very strong, heat, chemical and and abrasion resistant plastics. Glass fiber reinforced epoxy resins provide excellent strength-to-weight ratios and are used in many high technology applications. Many retain excellent electrical properties in extreme conditions and are used in heavy electrical applications that require long-term outdoor exposure. The excellent abrasion and chemical resistance of epoxy resins has led to their widespread use as flooring, coatings for pipes, and components for chemical scrubbers, as well as in marine applications. Epoxies are also well-known for their adhesive abilities, which accounts for much of their use. Most epoxies are resistant to a wide variety of chemicals, including hydrocarbons, esters, bases, and salts. However, epoxies can be attacked by phenols, ketones, ethers, and concentrated acids. Typical Applications • Coatings – Marine coatings, chemical scrubbers, pipes • Electronic – Encapsulation and casting of transistors, integrated circuits, switches, coils, insulators, bushings • Miscellaneous – Adhesives, solder masks, rocket motor casings, pressure vessels, flooring, highway paving 26 The Loctite® Design Guide for Bonding Plastics, Volume 6PDF Image | Design Guide for Bonding Plastics Volume 6 LT-2197
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