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Wind Velocity, Fetch and Duration .................................................................................................................. 5-13 B.2. Wind Velocity, Fetch and Duration.......................................................................................................................... 5-13 B.3. Wave Systems.......................................................................................................................................................... 5-15 B.4. Timing ...................................................................................................................................................................... 5-18 B.5. Estimating Wave Height .......................................................................................................................................... 5-18 B.6. Breakers................................................................................................................................................................... 5-19 B.7. Types of Breakers .................................................................................................................................................... 5-20 B.9. Surf .......................................................................................................................................................................... 5-22 B.10. Surf Definitions ...................................................................................................................................................... 5-23 B.11. Surf Zone Characteristics ....................................................................................................................................... 5-23 Currents ........................................................................................................................................................... 5-28 B.18. Effects on Boat Maneuverability ........................................................................................................................... 5-29 B.19. Crossing the Current .............................................................................................................................................. 5-29 B.20. Tide and Tidal Current Changes............................................................................................................................. 5-29 B.21. Tidal Current Tables............................................................................................................................................... 5-29 B.22. Time and Speed ..................................................................................................................................................... 5-30 B.23. Current Velocity..................................................................................................................................................... 5-30 B.24. Actual vs. Predicted Conditions ............................................................................................................................. 5-30 CHAPTER 6 BOAT HANDLING........................................................................................................................... 6-1 SECTION A. FORCES............................................................................................................................................. 6-2 Environmental Forces ........................................................................................................................................ 6-2 A.3. Close Quarters ........................................................................................................................................................... 6-4 A.4. Seas ........................................................................................................................................................................... 6-4 A.5. Current ...................................................................................................................................................................... 6-5 A.6. Combined Environmental Forces .............................................................................................................................. 6-5 A.7. Knowing the Vessel’s Response................................................................................................................................. 6-6 Forces Acting on a Vessel................................................................................................................................... 6-7 A.9. Propulsion and Steering ............................................................................................................................................ 6-8 Shaft, Propeller, and Rudder............................................................................................................................ 6-10 A.11. Propeller Action..................................................................................................................................................... 6-10 A.12. Rudder Action........................................................................................................................................................ 6-12 Outboard Motors and Stern Drives.................................................................................................................. 6-14 A.13. Major Differences.................................................................................................................................................. 6-14 A.14. Thrust and Directional Control .............................................................................................................................. 6-15 A.15. Propeller Side Force .............................................................................................................................................. 6-16 A.16. Vertical Thrust ....................................................................................................................................................... 6-17 Trim Tabs ......................................................................................................................................................... 6-18 A.17. Introduction........................................................................................................................................................... 6-18 A.18. Trim tabs purpose ................................................................................................................................................. 6-18 A.19. How to use trim tabs ............................................................................................................................................. 6-18 A.20. Pitch Axis ............................................................................................................................................................... 6-18 A.21. Roll Axis ................................................................................................................................................................. 6-19 A.22. Using Your Engine Power Trim and Trim Tabs Together ....................................................................................... 6-19 Utilizing Trim Tabs ........................................................................................................................................... 6-20 A.23. Head Seas .............................................................................................................................................................. 6-20 A.24. Following Seas ....................................................................................................................................................... 6-20 A.25. Astern Propulsion .................................................................................................................................................. 6-20 A.26. Correcting Porposing ............................................................................................................................................. 6-20 Jacking Plates................................................................................................................................................... 6-21 A.27. Description ............................................................................................................................................................ 6-21 A.28. Basic Operating Principle....................................................................................................................................... 6-21 A.29. Advantages of Jack Plates...................................................................................................................................... 6-22 A.30. Warnings of Using Jacking Plates........................................................................................................................... 6-22 A.31. Cavitation .............................................................................................................................................................. 6-22 Waterjets ......................................................................................................................................................... 6-23 iv Boat Crew Handbook – Seamanship FundamentalsPDF Image | BOAT CREW HANDBOOK USCG 2017
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